Space Situational Awareness

Know what's overhead. Know what it can see. Know when it's coming back.

Full-catalog satellite tracking with dual-mode pass windows, RF signature correlation, 5-factor risk scoring, interactive sensor footprint visualization, and policy-driven alerting, all fused into the operational picture.

The Problem

Satellites pass overhead constantly. Some are imaging. Some are collecting signals. Some are just weather birds. Without a system that tracks the full catalog, computes when each satellite can observe your area of interest, scores the risk based on what it actually carries, and alerts you automatically, orbital awareness stays a spreadsheet exercise disconnected from operations. Most tools show you dots on a globe. Empyrean tells you which dots matter, what they can see, and when they'll be back.

Who Has This Problem

EW operators tracking overhead collection threats during EMSO operationsIntelligence analysts predicting satellite collection windowsCritical infrastructure security directors scheduling around surveillance passesCounter-UAS operators correlating satellite-aided C2 linksSpace operations and SSA watch officers
SSA 3D globe with orbital visualization
Dynamic coverage overlay from HEO SIGINT satellite with LEO imagery bird overhead alert
Satellite pass window computation on 2D map
SSA domain grid with satellite catalog, constellation status, and orbital regime filtering

Key Workflows

01Ingest the full Space-Track.org TLE catalog (~35K satellites), enrich with GCAT mission classification, and propagate orbits via SGP4/SDP4 in Rust at two tiers: catalog-wide every 5-15 minutes, active satellites every 10-30 seconds
02Dual-mode pass window computation: ground-track occupancy for area targets (geofences, routes) and observer-geometry with topocentric elevation, azimuth, range, and TCA for point targets (sites, markers, live tracks)
03Interactive 'what can this satellite see?', select any satellite on the 3D globe to render its sensor footprint cone based on payload type, with field-of-regard defaults derived from mission category
04Revisit window tracking: automated cadence analysis that scores how frequently specific satellites revisit your areas of interest, persisted for historical trend analysis
05RF signature correlation with EMSO: satellite RF profiles (SatNOGS-sourced) correlated against signal groups and EOOB entries via spectral-first matching with TLE propagation corroboration
06Characterization workflow: analysts update payload type, country attribution, disposition, and mission metadata. Changes bind to core identity via SIDC derivation and propagate to 3D model selection and risk scoring
07Policy-driven alerting: 8 SSA-specific condition types (pass window, correlation, category, pass mode, elevation, NORAD ID, feature, risk level) feed the platform's decision layer for automated response

Capabilities

Full-catalog TLE ingest with GCAT mission enrichment
Two-tier SGP4/SDP4 propagation (Rust crate, PyO3 + WASM)
Dual-mode pass windows: ground-track and observer-geometry
5-factor risk scoring: mission 25%, orbit 25%, country 25%, RCS 10%, dwell 15%, with graceful degradation
3D globe with per-category satellite models (18 NASA GLBs), Blue Marble texture, SGP4-based orbit paths, and sensor footprint cones
RF enrichment pipeline: SatNOGS transmitter ingest, claims-first normalization, browsable RF profiles with band family filtering
Revisit pattern analysis with persistence and historical querying
Faceted filtering: orbit type, mission category, MIL-STD disposition, country, with live counts
Analyst characterization: operator mission overrides, SIDC derivation, disposition management
8 SSA-specific condition types for automated alerting and response
EMSO cross-domain correlation: satellite RF profiles matched against signal groups via spectral analysis
Deep-link routing: COP and Commander's Eye route SPACE domain tracks directly to SSA workspace

Platform Integration

SSA is a first-class sensor type in the fusion pipeline. Pass windows overlay on the COP. Satellite RF profiles feed EMSO correlation via a dedicated adapter. SSA events trigger automated decision rules across all 8 condition types. Characterization updates propagate to identity, symbology, 3D model selection, and risk scoring. The 3D globe is presentation-only, if deleted, SSA functions unchanged.

← All capabilities

Related Resources & Insights

Resource11 min read

What is Intelligence Fusion?

Intelligence fusion explained: JDL/DFIG model, multi-INT disciplines, JADC2, and what fusion means for civilian operators.

Resource11 min read

What is Maritime Intelligence?

Maritime intelligence explained: AIS limits, dark vessels, beneficial ownership, sanctions risk, and multi-INT fusion at sea.

Resource7 min read

What is OPSEC?

OPSEC, UTS, and Digital Force Protection explained: the five-step process, five threat vectors, and signature management.

Resource13 min read

What is ATAK?

ATAK explained: TAK clients, EUDs, data packages, mesh networks, federation, plugins, and the CoT protocol that ties it together.

Resource26 min read

Defense & Intelligence Glossary

Defense & intelligence glossary: acronyms and terms for EMSO, C-UAS, JADC2, sensor fusion, SSA, CTF, entity resolution, and TAK.

Resource13 min read

What is Counter Threat Finance?

Counter Threat Finance (CTF) explained: DoDD 5205.14 doctrine, CTF vs. AML, sanctions, shell companies, TBML, and operational software.

Resource10 min read

What is Entity Resolution?

Entity Resolution explained: deterministic, probabilistic, ML, and graph methods for matching records to real-world identities.

Resource13 min read

What is Narrative Intelligence?

Narrative Intelligence (NARINT) explained: detecting and countering influence operations, DISARM framework, CIB, and OSINT.

Resource13 min read

What is EMSO?

EMSO explained: Electronic Warfare, EMBM, JEMSO, Electronic Order of Battle, CEMA, spectrum management, and operational software.

Resource12 min read

What is a Common Operational Picture?

Common Operational Picture (COP) explained: why most COPs fail, display vs. decision surface, edge deployment, and true fusion.

Resource13 min read

What is Space Situational Awareness?

Space Situational Awareness (SSA) explained: orbital tracking, TLEs, the Space Surveillance Network, and counterspace threats.

Resource12 min read

What is Counter-UAS?

Counter-UAS (C-UAS) explained: sensors, fusion, effectors, legal authorities, and layered drone defense for military and critical sites.

Resource12 min read

What is JADC2?

JADC2 explained: why top-down fails, what sensor-up architecture means, and why edge-deployed fusion survives contact.

Resource11 min read

What is Sensor Fusion?

Sensor fusion explained: state estimation, data association, multi-hypothesis tracking, identity provenance, and edge deployment.

Research43 min read

High-Powered Microwave (HPM): From Hard Kill to Residual Risk

3,400 Monte Carlo runs reveal HPM's service-rate ceiling, residual warhead hazard, and cascade failure against 40-400 drone swarms.

Research48 min read

The Devil Dog and the Dragon: USMC IADS vs. PLARF Cruise Missile Saturation

USMC MRIC vs 60 CJ-10 cruise missiles: 92.7% kill rate, then magazine exhaustion at T+28:37. The Marines need more rounds.

Research34 min read

Quantifying Layered Naval Defense Against Hypersonic Glide Vehicles

DF-17 HGV vs Arleigh Burke: 50 Monte Carlo seeds, SM-6 at 23% kill rate, PAC-3 at zero. The timeline is the constraint.

Insight47 min read

Maritime Domain Awareness: The Complete Field Guide

Maritime domain awareness field guide: spectrum, seabed, ownership, and cyber threats that single-domain tools miss.

Insight25 min read

TAK Server on AWS: From Zero to Operational in Under Ten Minutes

Deploy TAK Server on AWS with CloudFormation: TLS, Docker, hardening, and security best practices in under ten minutes.

Insight8 min read

Release Log Vol. 1: Maritime Intelligence & UAS Traffic Management

Empyrean ships Maritime Intelligence, Air Domain Intelligence, and UAS Traffic Management with 20+ data sources and FAA enrichment.

Insight20 min read

The Environment Is Trying to Kill Your Mission. We Want to Mitigate It.

Weather & environmental intelligence that modifies sensor confidence, route feasibility, and UAS BVLOS risk in real time.

Insight73 min read

EMSO Is Everyone's Problem. Let's Do Something About It.

EMSO deep dive: EW history, doctrinal evolution to CEMA, cross-domain effects, and what operators can do about it today.

Insight23 min read

Would the Real Common Operating Picture (COP) Please Stand Up

Most COPs are PowerPoint and uncorrelated feeds. What a real COP requires: fusion, policy, edge deployment, and echelon logic.

Insight7 min read

Building Physics-Backed, Unclassified, Open-Source Defense Research

Introducing Empyrean Defense Research: unclassified, physics-backed wargaming. First drop: 1,500 Monte Carlo sims of DF-17 vs DDG.

Insight37 min read

How the Space Domain Impacts Your Operations

Space domain impacts on EW, ground, maritime, air, and information ops — and what you can do to counter them.

Insight74 min read

Sense, Make Sense, Act: How to Conduct Counter-UAS From Sensors to Deployments

Counter-UAS playbook: 8 sensor types, fusion methods, jam vs. shoot decisions, and layered drone defense for DDIL environments.

Insight12 min read

Why JADC2 Needs Sensor Fusion at the Edge

JADC2 assumes persistent cloud and top-down authority. Operators have neither. Why sensor fusion must live at the edge.

Resource11 min read

What is Intelligence Fusion?

Intelligence fusion explained: JDL/DFIG model, multi-INT disciplines, JADC2, and what fusion means for civilian operators.

Resource11 min read

What is Maritime Intelligence?

Maritime intelligence explained: AIS limits, dark vessels, beneficial ownership, sanctions risk, and multi-INT fusion at sea.

Resource7 min read

What is OPSEC?

OPSEC, UTS, and Digital Force Protection explained: the five-step process, five threat vectors, and signature management.

Resource13 min read

What is ATAK?

ATAK explained: TAK clients, EUDs, data packages, mesh networks, federation, plugins, and the CoT protocol that ties it together.

Resource26 min read

Defense & Intelligence Glossary

Defense & intelligence glossary: acronyms and terms for EMSO, C-UAS, JADC2, sensor fusion, SSA, CTF, entity resolution, and TAK.

Resource13 min read

What is Counter Threat Finance?

Counter Threat Finance (CTF) explained: DoDD 5205.14 doctrine, CTF vs. AML, sanctions, shell companies, TBML, and operational software.

Resource10 min read

What is Entity Resolution?

Entity Resolution explained: deterministic, probabilistic, ML, and graph methods for matching records to real-world identities.

Resource13 min read

What is Narrative Intelligence?

Narrative Intelligence (NARINT) explained: detecting and countering influence operations, DISARM framework, CIB, and OSINT.

Resource13 min read

What is EMSO?

EMSO explained: Electronic Warfare, EMBM, JEMSO, Electronic Order of Battle, CEMA, spectrum management, and operational software.

Resource12 min read

What is a Common Operational Picture?

Common Operational Picture (COP) explained: why most COPs fail, display vs. decision surface, edge deployment, and true fusion.

Resource13 min read

What is Space Situational Awareness?

Space Situational Awareness (SSA) explained: orbital tracking, TLEs, the Space Surveillance Network, and counterspace threats.

Resource12 min read

What is Counter-UAS?

Counter-UAS (C-UAS) explained: sensors, fusion, effectors, legal authorities, and layered drone defense for military and critical sites.

Resource12 min read

What is JADC2?

JADC2 explained: why top-down fails, what sensor-up architecture means, and why edge-deployed fusion survives contact.

Resource11 min read

What is Sensor Fusion?

Sensor fusion explained: state estimation, data association, multi-hypothesis tracking, identity provenance, and edge deployment.

Research43 min read

High-Powered Microwave (HPM): From Hard Kill to Residual Risk

3,400 Monte Carlo runs reveal HPM's service-rate ceiling, residual warhead hazard, and cascade failure against 40-400 drone swarms.

Research48 min read

The Devil Dog and the Dragon: USMC IADS vs. PLARF Cruise Missile Saturation

USMC MRIC vs 60 CJ-10 cruise missiles: 92.7% kill rate, then magazine exhaustion at T+28:37. The Marines need more rounds.

Research34 min read

Quantifying Layered Naval Defense Against Hypersonic Glide Vehicles

DF-17 HGV vs Arleigh Burke: 50 Monte Carlo seeds, SM-6 at 23% kill rate, PAC-3 at zero. The timeline is the constraint.

Insight47 min read

Maritime Domain Awareness: The Complete Field Guide

Maritime domain awareness field guide: spectrum, seabed, ownership, and cyber threats that single-domain tools miss.

Insight25 min read

TAK Server on AWS: From Zero to Operational in Under Ten Minutes

Deploy TAK Server on AWS with CloudFormation: TLS, Docker, hardening, and security best practices in under ten minutes.

Insight8 min read

Release Log Vol. 1: Maritime Intelligence & UAS Traffic Management

Empyrean ships Maritime Intelligence, Air Domain Intelligence, and UAS Traffic Management with 20+ data sources and FAA enrichment.

Insight20 min read

The Environment Is Trying to Kill Your Mission. We Want to Mitigate It.

Weather & environmental intelligence that modifies sensor confidence, route feasibility, and UAS BVLOS risk in real time.

Insight73 min read

EMSO Is Everyone's Problem. Let's Do Something About It.

EMSO deep dive: EW history, doctrinal evolution to CEMA, cross-domain effects, and what operators can do about it today.

Insight23 min read

Would the Real Common Operating Picture (COP) Please Stand Up

Most COPs are PowerPoint and uncorrelated feeds. What a real COP requires: fusion, policy, edge deployment, and echelon logic.

Insight7 min read

Building Physics-Backed, Unclassified, Open-Source Defense Research

Introducing Empyrean Defense Research: unclassified, physics-backed wargaming. First drop: 1,500 Monte Carlo sims of DF-17 vs DDG.

Insight37 min read

How the Space Domain Impacts Your Operations

Space domain impacts on EW, ground, maritime, air, and information ops — and what you can do to counter them.

Insight74 min read

Sense, Make Sense, Act: How to Conduct Counter-UAS From Sensors to Deployments

Counter-UAS playbook: 8 sensor types, fusion methods, jam vs. shoot decisions, and layered drone defense for DDIL environments.

Insight12 min read

Why JADC2 Needs Sensor Fusion at the Edge

JADC2 assumes persistent cloud and top-down authority. Operators have neither. Why sensor fusion must live at the edge.

Resource11 min read

What is Intelligence Fusion?

Intelligence fusion explained: JDL/DFIG model, multi-INT disciplines, JADC2, and what fusion means for civilian operators.

Resource11 min read

What is Maritime Intelligence?

Maritime intelligence explained: AIS limits, dark vessels, beneficial ownership, sanctions risk, and multi-INT fusion at sea.

Resource7 min read

What is OPSEC?

OPSEC, UTS, and Digital Force Protection explained: the five-step process, five threat vectors, and signature management.

Resource13 min read

What is ATAK?

ATAK explained: TAK clients, EUDs, data packages, mesh networks, federation, plugins, and the CoT protocol that ties it together.

Resource26 min read

Defense & Intelligence Glossary

Defense & intelligence glossary: acronyms and terms for EMSO, C-UAS, JADC2, sensor fusion, SSA, CTF, entity resolution, and TAK.

Resource13 min read

What is Counter Threat Finance?

Counter Threat Finance (CTF) explained: DoDD 5205.14 doctrine, CTF vs. AML, sanctions, shell companies, TBML, and operational software.

Resource10 min read

What is Entity Resolution?

Entity Resolution explained: deterministic, probabilistic, ML, and graph methods for matching records to real-world identities.

Resource13 min read

What is Narrative Intelligence?

Narrative Intelligence (NARINT) explained: detecting and countering influence operations, DISARM framework, CIB, and OSINT.

Resource13 min read

What is EMSO?

EMSO explained: Electronic Warfare, EMBM, JEMSO, Electronic Order of Battle, CEMA, spectrum management, and operational software.

Resource12 min read

What is a Common Operational Picture?

Common Operational Picture (COP) explained: why most COPs fail, display vs. decision surface, edge deployment, and true fusion.

Resource13 min read

What is Space Situational Awareness?

Space Situational Awareness (SSA) explained: orbital tracking, TLEs, the Space Surveillance Network, and counterspace threats.

Resource12 min read

What is Counter-UAS?

Counter-UAS (C-UAS) explained: sensors, fusion, effectors, legal authorities, and layered drone defense for military and critical sites.

Resource12 min read

What is JADC2?

JADC2 explained: why top-down fails, what sensor-up architecture means, and why edge-deployed fusion survives contact.

Resource11 min read

What is Sensor Fusion?

Sensor fusion explained: state estimation, data association, multi-hypothesis tracking, identity provenance, and edge deployment.

Research43 min read

High-Powered Microwave (HPM): From Hard Kill to Residual Risk

3,400 Monte Carlo runs reveal HPM's service-rate ceiling, residual warhead hazard, and cascade failure against 40-400 drone swarms.

Research48 min read

The Devil Dog and the Dragon: USMC IADS vs. PLARF Cruise Missile Saturation

USMC MRIC vs 60 CJ-10 cruise missiles: 92.7% kill rate, then magazine exhaustion at T+28:37. The Marines need more rounds.

Research34 min read

Quantifying Layered Naval Defense Against Hypersonic Glide Vehicles

DF-17 HGV vs Arleigh Burke: 50 Monte Carlo seeds, SM-6 at 23% kill rate, PAC-3 at zero. The timeline is the constraint.

Insight47 min read

Maritime Domain Awareness: The Complete Field Guide

Maritime domain awareness field guide: spectrum, seabed, ownership, and cyber threats that single-domain tools miss.

Insight25 min read

TAK Server on AWS: From Zero to Operational in Under Ten Minutes

Deploy TAK Server on AWS with CloudFormation: TLS, Docker, hardening, and security best practices in under ten minutes.

Insight8 min read

Release Log Vol. 1: Maritime Intelligence & UAS Traffic Management

Empyrean ships Maritime Intelligence, Air Domain Intelligence, and UAS Traffic Management with 20+ data sources and FAA enrichment.

Insight20 min read

The Environment Is Trying to Kill Your Mission. We Want to Mitigate It.

Weather & environmental intelligence that modifies sensor confidence, route feasibility, and UAS BVLOS risk in real time.

Insight73 min read

EMSO Is Everyone's Problem. Let's Do Something About It.

EMSO deep dive: EW history, doctrinal evolution to CEMA, cross-domain effects, and what operators can do about it today.

Insight23 min read

Would the Real Common Operating Picture (COP) Please Stand Up

Most COPs are PowerPoint and uncorrelated feeds. What a real COP requires: fusion, policy, edge deployment, and echelon logic.

Insight7 min read

Building Physics-Backed, Unclassified, Open-Source Defense Research

Introducing Empyrean Defense Research: unclassified, physics-backed wargaming. First drop: 1,500 Monte Carlo sims of DF-17 vs DDG.

Insight37 min read

How the Space Domain Impacts Your Operations

Space domain impacts on EW, ground, maritime, air, and information ops — and what you can do to counter them.

Insight74 min read

Sense, Make Sense, Act: How to Conduct Counter-UAS From Sensors to Deployments

Counter-UAS playbook: 8 sensor types, fusion methods, jam vs. shoot decisions, and layered drone defense for DDIL environments.

Insight12 min read

Why JADC2 Needs Sensor Fusion at the Edge

JADC2 assumes persistent cloud and top-down authority. Operators have neither. Why sensor fusion must live at the edge.

Empyrean Defense

Explore SSA capabilities

Schedule a walkthrough to see this capability in action.